Provides minimum requirements for the design and erection of high voltage installations in systems with nominal voltages above 1 kV a.c. and nominal frequency up to and including 60 Hz.
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
1 Scope and general
1.1 Scope
1.2 Application
1.2.1 General
1.2.2 Existing installations
1.3 Normative references
1.4 Definitions
2 Fundamental requirements
2.1 General
2.1.1 General requirements
2.1.2 Agreements between supplier (manufacturer) and user
2.2 Electrical requirements
2.2.1 Methods of neutral earthing
2.2.2 Voltage classification
2.2.3 Current in normal operation
2.2.4 Short-circuit current
2.2.4.1 Mechanical and thermal effects
2.2.4.2 Types
2.2.4.3 Rated duration
2.2.4.4 Calculation
2.2.4.5 Effects
2.2.5 Rated frequency
2.2.6 Corona
2.2.6.1 General
2.2.6.2 Radio and television interference
2.2.6.3 Audible noise
2.2.7 High voltage design practices with respect to EMF
2.2.8 Overvoltages
2.2.9 Harmonics
2.3 Civil and structural requirements
2.3.1 General
2.3.2 Equipment and structures
2.3.2.1 General
2.3.2.2 Permanent loads (G)
2.3.2.3 Imposed and other loads (Q, W, E)
2.3.2.4 Special loads
2.3.3 Coincident temperatures
2.3.4 Load components
2.3.5 Load combinations
2.3.6 Deflections and serviceability limits
2.4 Climatic and environmental conditions
2.4.1 General
2.4.2 Normal conditions
2.4.2.1 Indoor
2.4.2.2 Outdoor
2.4.3 Special conditions
2.4.3.1 General
2.4.3.2 Altitude
2.4.3.3 Pollution
2.4.3.4 Temperature and humidity
2.4.3.5 Vibration
2.4.3.6 Seismic vibration
2.4.3.7 The effect of wind
2.5 Special requirements
2.5.1 Effects of small animals and micro-organisms
2.5.2 Noise level
2.5.3 Transport
2.6 Site selection
2.7 Risk management
3 Insulation
3.1 General
3.2 Selection of insulation level
3.2.1 General
3.2.2 Consideration of methods of neutral earthing
3.2.3 Consideration of rated withstand voltages
3.3 Verification of withstand values
3.4 Minimum clearances of live parts
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Minimum clearances in voltage Range I
3.4.3 Minimum clearances in voltage Range II
3.5 Minimum clearances between parts under special conditions
3.6 Type tested equipment
4 Equipment
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Selection
4.1.2 Equipment safety
4.1.3 Personnel safety
4.1.4 Labels
4.2 Specific requirements
4.2.1 Switching devices
4.2.2 Power transformers and reactors
4.2.3 Gas-insulated metal-enclosed equipment (GIE), metal-enclosed switchgear, insulation-enclosed switchgear and other prefabricated type-tested switchgear and fusegear assemblies
4.2.4 Instrument transformers
4.2.4.1 General
4.2.4.2 Current transformers
4.2.4.3 Voltage transformers
4.2.5 Surge arresters
4.2.6 Capacitors
4.2.7 Line traps
4.2.8 Insulators
4.2.9 Insulated cables other than for overhead lines
4.2.9.1 General requirements
4.2.9.2 Temperature
4.2.9.3 Stress due to temperature changes
4.2.9.4 Flexible reeling and trailing cables
4.2.9.5 Crossings and proximities
4.2.9.6 Installation of cables
4.2.9.7 Bending radius
4.2.9.8 Tensile stress
4.2.10 Conductors and accessories
4.2.11 Rotating electrical machines
4.2.12 Generating units
4.2.13 Generating unit main connections
4.2.14 Static converters
4.2.15 Fuses
4.2.15.1 Clearances
4.2.15.2 Fuse replacement
4.2.16 Electrical and mechanical interlocking
5 Installations
5.1 Minimum requirements
5.1.1 General
5.1.2 Circuit arrangement
5.1.2.1 Design
5.1.2.2 Protective measures
5.1.3 Documentation
5.1.4 Transport routes
5.1.5 Aisles and access areas
5.1.6 Lighting
5.1.7 Operational safety
5.1.8 Labelling
5.2 Outdoor installations of open design
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Protective barrier clearances
5.2.3 Protective obstacle clearances
5.2.4 Boundary clearances
5.2.5 Minimum height over access area
5.2.6 Minimum clearances for maintenance
5.2.7 Clearances to buildings within closed electrical operating areas
5.2.8 External fences or walls and access doors
5.3 Indoor installations of open design
5.4 Installation of prefabricated type-tested switchgear
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Additional requirements for gas-insulated metal enclosed equipment (GIE)
5.4.2.1 Design
5.4.2.2 Erection on site
5.4.2.3 Protection against overvoltages
5.4.2.4 Earthing
5.5 Requirements for buildings
5.5.1 Introduction
5.5.2 Structural provisions
5.5.2.1 General
5.5.2.2 Specifications for walls
5.5.2.3 Windows
5.5.2.4 Roofs
5.5.2.5 Floors
5.5.3 Rooms for switchgear
5.5.4 Service areas
5.5.5 Doors
5.5.6 Draining of insulating liquids
5.5.7 Heating, ventilation and cooling
5.5.7.1 General
5.5.7.2 Ventilation of battery rooms
5.5.7.3 Rooms for emergency generating units
5.5.8 Buildings that require special consideration
5.5.9 Confined spaces
5.6 High voltage/low voltage prefabricated substations
5.7 Electrical installations on a mast, pole or tower
6 Safety measures
6.1 General
6.2 Protection against direct contact
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Measures for protection against direct contact
6.2.2.1 Recognized protection types
6.2.2.2 Design of protective measures
6.2.3 Protection requirements
6.2.3.1 Protection outside of closed electrical operating areas
6.2.3.2 Protection inside closed electrical operating areas
6.2.3.3 Protection during normal operation
6.3 Means to protect persons from indirect contact
6.4 Means to protect persons working on or near electrical installations
6.4.1 Construction and working procedures
6.4.2 Equipment for isolating installations or apparatus
6.4.3 Devices to prevent inadvertent closing of isolating devices
6.4.4 Devices for determining the de-energized state
6.4.5 Devices for earthing and short-circuiting
6.4.6 Equipment acting as protective barriers against adjacent live parts
6.4.6.1 General
6.4.6.2 Insertable insulated partitions
6.4.6.3 Insertable partition walls
6.4.7 Storage of personal protection equipment
6.5 Protection from danger resulting from arc fault
6.6 Protection against direct lightning strikes
6.7 Protection against fire and explosion
6.7.1 Risk
6.7.1.1 General
6.7.1.2 Fire and explosion risk zones
6.7.1.3 Fire and explosion sources risk assessment
6.7.1.4 Fire and explosion risk management
6.7.1.5 Fire resistant barriers
6.7.1.6 Protection of personnel within high voltage installations
6.7.2 Buildings
6.7.2.1 General
6.7.2.2 Fire alarm systems
6.7.2.3 Fire suppression systems
6.7.3 Plant and equipment requirements
6.7.4 Transformers, reactors
6.7.4.1 General
6.7.4.2 Fire mitigation options for transformers
6.7.4.3 Transformer fire damage control measures
6.7.4.4 Outdoor transformers
6.7.4.5 Indoor transformers
6.7.5 Cables
6.7.6 Distribution substations
6.7.6.1 Special requirements for distribution kiosk/padmount cubicles and walled high voltage installations
6.7.6.2 Special requirements for distribution indoor high voltage installations
6.8 Protection against leakage of insulating liquids and SF6
6.8.1 Oil containment
6.8.2 SF6 leakage
6.8.3 Failure with loss of SF6 and its decomposition products
6.8.4 Fire protected high voltage installation examples for distribution substations
6.9 Identification and marking
6.9.1 General
6.9.2 Information plates and warning plates
6.9.3 Electrical hazard warning
6.9.4 Installations with incorporated capacitors
6.9.5 Emergency signs for emergency exits
6.9.6 Cable identification marks
6.10 Protection against unauthorized access
7 Protection, control and auxiliary systems
7.1 Protection systems
7.2 Monitoring and control systems
7.3 A.c. and d.c. supply circuits
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 A.c. Supply
7.3.3 D.c. Supply
7.3.3.1 Capacity
7.3.3.2 Monitoring voltage and current
7.3.3.3 Sizing and selection of batteries
7.3.3.4 Battery rooms and cubicles
7.3.3.5 Protection against corrosion
7.4 Compressed air systems
7.4.1 Design
7.4.2 Relative humidity
7.4.3 Operating capacity
7.4.4 Protection against corrosion
7.4.5 Marking
7.4.6 Isolation and drainage
7.4.7 Arcing
7.4.8 Accessible controls
7.5 SF6 gas handling plant
7.6 Basic rules for electromagnetic compatibility of control systems
7.6.1 General
7.6.2 Electrical noise sources in high voltage installations
7.6.3 Measures to be taken to reduce the effects of high frequency interference
7.6.4 Measures to be taken to reduce the effects of low frequency interference
7.6.5 Measures related to the selection of equipment
7.6.5.1 Zones
7.6.5.2 Internal circuitry
7.6.5.3 Gas-insulated switchgear
7.6.6 Other possible measures to reduce the effects of interference
8 Earthing systems
8.1 General
8.2 Fundamental requirements
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Safety of people
8.2.3 Protection of equipment
8.2.4 Support operational security
8.3 Risk management and due diligence
8.3.1 General
8.3.2 Touch and step voltage hazards and risks
8.4 Design
8.4.1 Introduction
8.4.2 Design process overview
8.4.3 Data gathering
8.4.4 Initial concept design
8.4.4.1 General
8.4.4.2 Fault current
8.4.4.3 Earth fault duration
8.4.4.4 Soil resistivity
8.4.4.5 Layout practicalities
8.4.4.6 Coordinated design
8.4.4.7 Current injection
8.4.4.8 Special considerations
8.4.5 Determine design EPR
8.4.6 Power frequency design
8.4.6.1 General
8.4.6.2 Earthing conductor layout
8.4.6.3 Dimensioning of earthing conductors
8.4.6.4 Transferred potentials
8.4.6.5 Hazard location identification
8.4.7 Safety criteria for design
8.4.7.1 Safety criteria
8.4.7.2 Risk quantification and individually derived safety criteria
8.4.7.3 Guidance on standard safety criteria
8.4.7.4 Safety criteria within other standards and guidelines
8.4.8 Perform direct probabilistic design
8.4.9 Mitigation/redesign
8.4.10 Transient design
8.5 Construction
8.6 Commissioning and ongoing monitoring
8.7 Maintenance, modification and refurbishment
8.8 Testing
8.9 Documentation
9 Inspection and testing
9.1 Inspections and tests
9.2 Documentation and records
9.3 Verification of specified performances
9.4 Tests during installation and commissioning
9.5 Trial run
10 Operation and maintenance manual
Appendix A
A1 General
A2 Fibrillation characteristics
A3 Coincidence formulation
A4 Applied voltage risk analysis
A5 Risk level assessment
A6 Cost disproportionality assessment
Appendix B
B1 Earthing system connection principles
B1.1 Distribution substations, e.g. 11 kV/400 V or 22 kV/400 V
