AS ISO/IEC 3979.4:2023 identically adopts and modifies ISO/IEC 39794 5:2019, which specifies generic extensible data interchange formats for the representation of face image data.
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviated terms
5 Conformance
6 Modality specific information
7 Abstract data elements
7.1 Overview
7.1.1 Content and notation
7.1.2 Structure overview
7.1.3 Data conventions
7.2 Face image data block
7.3 Version block
7.4 Representation block
7.5 Representation identifier
7.6 Capture date/time block
7.7 Quality blocks
7.8 PAD data block
7.9 Session identifier
7.10 Derived from
7.11 Capture device block
7.12 Model identifier block
7.13 Certification identifier blocks
7.14 Identity metadata block
7.15 Gender
7.16 Eye colour
7.17 Hair colour
7.18 Subject height
7.19 Properties block
7.20 Expression block
7.21 Pose angle block
7.22 Angle data block
7.23 Angle value
7.24 Angle uncertainty
7.25 Landmark block
7.26 Landmark kind
7.27 MPEG4 feature point
7.28 Anthropometric landmark
7.29 Landmark coordinates block
7.30 Image representation block
7.31 2D image representation block
7.32 2D representation data
7.33 2D capture device block
7.34 2D capture device spectral block
7.35 2D capture device technology identifier
7.36 2D image information block
7.37 2D face image kind
7.38 Post acquisition processing block
7.39 Lossy transformation attempts
7.40 Image data format
7.41 Camera to subject distance
7.42 Sensor diagonal
7.43 Lens focal length
7.44 Image size block
7.45 Width
7.46 Height
7.47 Image face measurements block
7.48 Image head width
7.49 Image inter-eye distance
7.50 Image eye-to-mouth distance
7.51 Image head length
7.52 Image colour space
7.53 Reference colour mapping block
7.54 Reference colour schema
7.55 Reference colour definition and value block
7.56 3D shape representation block
7.57 3D representation data
7.58 3D capture device block
7.59 3D modus
7.60 3D capture device technology identifier
7.61 3D image information block
7.62 3D representation kind block
7.63 3D vertex block
7.64 3D vertex information block
7.65 3D vertex coordinate block
7.66 3D vertex identifier
7.67 3D vertex normals block
7.68 3D vertex textures block
7.69 3D error map
7.70 3D vertex triangle data block
7.71 3D coordinate system
7.72 3D Cartesian coordinate system
7.73 3D Cartesian scales and offsets block
7.74 3D face image kind
7.75 3D physical face measurements block
7.76 3D physical head width
7.77 3D physical inter-eye distance
7.78 3D physical eye-to-mouth distance
7.79 3D physical head length
7.80 3D textured image resolution block
7.81 3D MM shape [X/Y/Z] resolution
7.82 3D MM texture resolution
7.83 3D texture acquisition period
7.84 3D face area scanned block
7.85 3D texture map block
7.86 3D texture capture device spectral block
7.87 3D texture standard illuminant
7.88 3D texture map data
8 Encoding
8.1 Overview
8.2 Tagged binary encoding
8.3 XML encoding
9 Registered BDB format identifiers
Annex A
A.1 ASN.1 module for tagged binary encoding
A.2 XML schema definition for XML encoding
Annex B
B.1 Binary encoding example
B.2 Example encodings for a face image XML document
Annex C
C.1 General
C.2 Requirements and options
C.3 Conformance test assertions
C.4 Conformance testing for profiles given in Annex D
Annex D
D.1 Reference face image for Machine Readable Travel Documents (MRTD)
D.1.1 General
D.1.2 Overview
D.1.3 Face portraits
D.1.3.1 Uses of face portrait images
D.1.3.2 Passport application using printed face portraits
D.1.3.3 Passport application using electronic face portrait submission
D.1.3.4 Non-professional photographs
D.1.4 Enrolment live face portrait capturing
D.1.4.1 General
D.1.4.2 Camera and scene
D.1.4.2.1 Selection of camera and focal length
D.1.4.2.2 Magnification distortion and camera subject distance
D.1.4.2.3 Radial distortion
D.1.4.2.4 Pixel count, focus and depth of field
D.1.4.2.5 Background
D.1.4.2.6 Lighting
D.1.4.2.7 Contrast
D.1.4.2.8 Dynamic range
D.1.4.2.9 Colour
D.1.4.2.10 Noise
D.1.4.2.11 Filters
D.1.4.3 Subject conditions
D.1.4.3.1 Pose
D.1.4.3.2 Expression
D.1.4.3.3 Eye visibility
D.1.4.3.4 Accessories: Glasses
D.1.4.3.5 Accessories: Head coverings
D.1.4.3.6 Accessories: Face ornamentation
D.1.4.3.7 Style: Make-up, hair style
D.1.4.4 Face portrait dimensions and head location
D.1.4.5 Children
D.1.4.5.1 General
D.1.4.5.2 Children below one year
D.1.4.5.3 Children below six years
D.1.4.5.4 Children below eleven years
D.1.5 Image storage in the chip
D.1.5.1 General
D.1.5.2 Data format
D.1.5.3 Property mask
D.1.5.4 Post-acquisition processing
D.1.5.5 Compression
D.2 General purpose face image
D.2.1 General
D.2.2 Image data compression requirements and recommendations
D.2.3 Scene requirements and recommendations
D.2.3.1 Pose
D.2.3.2 Expression
D.2.3.3 Shoulders
D.2.3.4 Backgrounds
D.2.3.5 Subject and scene lighting
D.2.3.6 Hot spots, specular reflections, and other lighting artefacts
D.2.3.7 Eye visibility and eye glasses
D.2.3.8 Head coverings
D.2.4 Photographic requirements and recommendations
D.2.4.1 Purpose
D.2.4.2 Contrast and saturation
D.2.4.3 Focus and depth of field
D.2.4.4 Greyscale density
D.2.4.5 Unnatural colour
D.2.4.6 Colour or greyscale enhancement
D.2.4.7 Colour calibration
D.2.4.8 Radial distortion of the camera lens
D.2.4.9 Horizontally centred face
D.2.4.10 Vertical position of the face
D.2.4.11 Width of the image
D.2.4.12 Height of the image
D.2.4.13 Image aspect ratio
D.2.4.14 Summary of photographic requirements
D.2.5 Digital requirements and recommendations
D.2.5.1 Geometry
D.2.5.2 Colour profile
D.2.5.3 Use of near infrared cameras
D.2.5.4 Pixel count
D.2.5.5 Post acquisition processing
D.3 3D Textured face image
D.3.1 General
D.3.2 Image data compression requirements and recommendations
D.3.3 Scene requirements and recommendations
D.3.3.1 Pose of the 3D representation
D.3.3.2 Expression
D.3.3.3 Shoulders
D.3.3.4 Background
D.3.3.5 Subject and scene lighting
D.3.3.6 Hot spots and specular reflections
D.3.3.7 Eye glasses
D.3.3.8 Shadows in eye-sockets
D.3.3.9 Head coverings
D.3.3.10 Visibility of pupils and irises
D.3.3.11 Lighting artefacts
D.3.3.12 Eye patches
D.3.3.13 Hair covering face
D.3.4 3D acquisition system requirements and recommendations
D.3.4.1 Purpose
D.3.4.2 Contrast and saturation
D.3.4.3 Focus and depth of field
D.3.4.4 Greyscale density
D.3.4.5 Unnatural colour
D.3.4.6 Colour or greyscale enhancement
D.3.4.7 Colour calibration
D.3.4.8 Geometrical distortion and CSD of the 3D acquisition system
D.3.4.9 Focal length
D.3.4.10 Sensor resolution in pixel
D.3.5 Digital requirements and recommendations
D.3.5.1 Geometry
D.3.5.1.1 Texture map geometry
D.3.5.1.2 3D data geometry
D.3.5.2 Colour profile
D.3.5.3 Use of near infrared cameras
D.3.5.4 Spatial sampling rate
D.3.5.5 Post-acquisition processing
D.3.5.6 Calibration texture projection accuracy
D.3.6 Requirements on 3D textured image representation
D.3.6.1 Coordinate system type
D.3.6.2 Scales and offsets
D.3.6.3 Vertex information
D.3.6.4 Texture map
D.3.6.5 Face area scanned
Annex E
E.1 Setup examples for face portrait capturing
E.1.1 General
E.1.2 Studio environment with one single light
E.1.3 Studio environment with two lights
E.1.4 Studio environment with two lights and background illumination
E.1.5 Photo booth environment
E.1.6 Registration office environment
E.1.7 Setup with flash
E.2 Measuring magnification and radial distortion in a face portrait capture setup
E.2.1 General
E.2.2 Magnification distortion target construction
E.2.3 Radial distortion target construction
E.2.4 Target photography
E.2.5 Magnification distortion measuring
E.2.6 Radial distortion measuring
E.3 Colour test
E.3.1 Colour tests according to ISO/CIE 11664-4
E.3.2 Image colour quality
E.3.3 Measurements and analysis
E.3.4 Coordinate calculation
E.4 MTF test method according to ISO 12233:2014
E.5 Focus and depth-of-field considerations
E.6 Report about the study of the effect of the camera subject distance of reference face images on face verification performances
E.6.1 What is magnification distortion?
E.6.2 Methodology from enrolment to score calculation
E.6.3 Data analysis
E.6.3.1 Methodology
E.6.3.2 False non-match rate at fixed false match rate
E.6.3.3 Distance-related differences in score distributions
E.6.4 Theoretical predictions
E.6.5 Conclusions
E.7 Example of exposure metering at various spots on a subject
