The objective of this Standard is to specify a method of penetrant testing used to detect discontinuities, e.g. cracks, laps, folds, porosity and lack of fusion, which are open to the surface of the material to be tested. It is mainly applied to metallic materials, but can also be performed on other materials, provided that they are inert to the test media and not excessively porous (castings, forgings, welds, ceramics, etc.)
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Safety precautions
5 General principles
5.1 Personnel
5.2 Description of the method
5.3 Process sequence
5.4 Equipment
5.5 Effectiveness
6 Products, sensitivity and designation
6.1 Product family
6.2 Testing products
6.3 Sensitivity
6.4 Designation
7 Compatibility of testing materials with the part(s) to be tested
7.1 General
7.2 Compatibility of penetrant testing products
7.3 Compatibility of penetrant testing materials with parts under examination
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
8 Test procedure
8.1 Written test procedure
8.2 Precleaning
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Mechanical precleaning
8.2.3 Chemical precleaning
8.2.4 Drying
8.3 Temperature
8.4 Application of penetrant
8.4.1 Methods of application
8.4.2 Penetration time
8.5 Excess penetrant removal
8.5.1 General
8.5.2 Water
8.5.3 Solvents
8.5.4 Emulsifier
8.5.4.1 Hydrophilic (water-dilutable)
8.5.4.2 Lipophilic (oil-based)
8.5.5 Water and solvent
8.5.6 Excess penetrant removal check
8.5.7 Drying
8.6 Application of developer
8.6.1 General
8.6.2 Dry powder
8.6.3 Water-suspendable developer
8.6.4 Solvent-based developer
8.6.5 Water-soluble developer
8.6.6 Water- or solvent-based for special application (e.g. peelable developer)
