Deals with the selection, installation and finish of thermal insulation for pipework, ductwork, tanks, vessels, and equipment in the temperature range -75 degrees Celsius to +800 degrees Celsius, but excludes manufactured pre-insulated equipment, structural insulation of buildings and cold stores, fireproofing structures, refractory linings of plant, airborne installations and all external underground mains.
Table of contents
Header
About this publication
Preface
1 Scope and general
1.1 General
1.1.1 Scope
1.1.2 New designs and innovations
1.2 Referenced documents
1.3 Definitions
1.4 Exchange of design data
1.4.1 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
1.4.2 Preparation of surfaces
1.4.3 Plant details
1.4.4 Types of fittings and supports
1.4.5 Type of insulation
1.4.6 Type of finish
1.4.7 Special service requirements
1.4.8 Basis on which the thickness of insulation is to be determined
1.4.9 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer or contractor
1.4.10 Drawings
1.5 Practical design considerations
1.5.1 General
1.5.2 Clearance between insulation and the surrounding surfaces
1.5.3 Provision for differential thermal movement
1.5.3.1 Hot surfaces
1.5.3.2 Sliding and bellows expansion joints
1.5.3.3 Cold surfaces
1.5.4 Insulation support
1.5.5 Insulation of pipes in ducts and subways
1.5.6 Insulation for airconditioning ductwork
1.5.7 Fire hazards
1.5.7.1 Insulating materials
1.5.7.2 Ductwork systems
1.5.7.3 Finishing materials
1.5.7.4 Aluminium paint
1.5.7.5 Aluminium cladding
1.5.7.6 Galvanized sheet
1.5.7.7 Internal self-heating
1.5.7.8 Earthing
1.5.7.9 Secondary contamination
1.5.7.10 Storage
1.5.7.11 Protection
1.5.7.12 Maintenance
1.5.7.13 Fire retardants
1.6 Temperature Classifications
1.7 Contracts
2 Selection of insulating materials and systems
2.1 Characteristics of insulating materials
2.1.1 Thermal conductivity and thermal resistance
2.1.2 Physical forms
2.1.3 Bulk density
2.1.4 Suitability for service temperature
2.1.5 Thermal expansion
2.1.6 Resistance to compaction
2.1.7 Resistance to vapour penetration and absorption
2.1.8 Mechanical strength and durability
2.1.8.1 Mechanical strength
2.1.8.2 Durability
2.1.9 Fire and explosion hazards
2.1.10 Resistance to vermin and fungus
2.1.11 Health hazards
2.1.11.1 General
2.1.11.2 Removal
2.1.11.3 Asbestos disposal
2.1.11.4 Fibrous materials
2.1.11.5 Cements
2.1.11.6 Chemicals
2.1.11.7 Castable cement
2.1.11.8 Adhesives
2.1.11.9 Polymeric foam
2.1.12 Optimum heat capacity
2.1.13 Freedom from objectionable odour
2.1.14 Chemical resistance
2.2 Selection of thermal insulating systems
2.2.1 Optimum effectiveness
2.2.2 Extent of system
2.2.3 General
2.2.4 Facts for consideration
2.2.4.1 Temperature
2.2.4.2 Mechanical stability
2.2.4.3 Resistance to degradation
2.2.4.4 Thermal effectiveness
2.2.4.5 Quality control
2.2.4.6 Type and dimensions of the plant to be insulated
2.2.4.7 Compatibility of the components of the system
2.2.4.8 Total weight of the system
2.2.4.9 Corrosion hazards
3 Selection of securing materials
3.1 General
3.2 Adhesives
3.2.1 General
3.2.2 Classification according to use
3.2.3 Application characteristics
3.2.4 Temperature limits
3.2.5 Adhesive strength
3.3 Mechanism of curing
3.3.1 Solvent-based adhesives
3.3.2 Chemically curing adhesives
3.3.3 Hot melt adhesives
3.4 Mechanical Securements
3.4.1 General
3.4.2 Welded attachments
3.4.3 Bolted fittings
3.4.4 Banding and wire securements
3.5 Combination
4 Vapour barriers
4.1 General
4.2 Condensation and freezing
4.3 Requirements for a vapour barrier
4.4 Vapour barriers for use over insulation on surfaces above dew point
4.5 Factors which must be considered
4.6 Materials
5 Selection and treatment of finishing materials
5.1 General
5.2 Finishing materials
5.3 Reasons for use
5.4 Typical characteristics of and uses for finishing materials
5.4.1 General
5.4.2 Group (a)
5.4.3 Group (b)
5.4.4 Group (c)
5.4.5 Group (d)
5.5 Finishes for tropical conditions
5.5.1 General
5.5.2 Interior plant in tropical climates
5.5.3 Outdoor plant in tropical climates
5.6 Finishes for refrigeration work
5.7 Finishes to improve fire protective properties
5.8 Finishes for use over pipes in ducts and subways, or beneath buildings
